![]() Implementation of such policies can be supported through research that apportions within-species genetic variation to appropriate taxonomic and conservation units, enabling conservation managers to identify population genetic diversity and prioritize conservation interventions that support long-term retention of adaptive variation. 2017) and this is now recognized in policy (Aichi Target 13 of SCBD 2010). There is increasing awareness, however, of the need to protect diversity within species (Pollock et al. Protection and recognition of biodiversity is largely focused at the species level (CITES 2019 IUCN 2019). The results of our study highlight the utility of considering the phylogeographic relationships inferred from genome-wide SNPs when characterizing conservation units and management priorities, which is particularly relevant as genomic data sets become increasingly accessible. samueli population is diagnosable as a separate subspecies. graptogyne, and propose that the western C. In particular, we provide advice on the potential genetic rescue of the Endangered and restricted-range subspecies C. Our study has a range of conservation and taxonomic implications for this species. Genetic clusters inferred from mitochondrial DNA differed from those based on SNPs and were less resolved. These units are only partially congruent with the existing morphology-based subspecies taxonomy. We identified five evolutionarily significant units, which are estimated to have diverged during the Pleistocene. Here we utilize thousands of genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and mitochondrial DNA to provide the first genetic assessment of the Australian red-tailed black-cockatoo ( Calyptorhynchus banksii), a widespread bird species comprising populations of varying conservation concern. These data can be used to characterize conservation units and to effectively manage the genetic health of species in a broad evolutionary context. Analysis of genomic data sets can provide high-resolution estimates of genetic structure, genetic diversity, gene flow, and evolutionary history. Red-tails will most often roost in clumps of tall eucalypts, such as young Red Gums, and may use the same site for many months.Advances in sequencing technologies have revolutionized wildlife conservation genetics. Large flocks often form in areas carrying exceptionally high seed crops or where food is concentrated in just a few patches. Sites where some of our largest flocks of Red-tails have been recorded include Rennick State Forest (360), Boilaar Swamp in Roseneath State Forest (372), Pieracle Swamp south-west of Casterton (~500) and Dunrobin (460). In autumn and winter, flocks of 100 to 250 birds can be seen in areas with a good food supply. ![]() Through Spring and early summer, the breeding season, Red-tailed Black-Cockatoos are generally seen alone or as family parties of 2 to 3 birds. If you interested in seeing birds please contact the project coordinator who can direct you to the most recent places or sites that the birds have been seen. Although Red-tails are widespread across the range, some of the more likely areas or hotspots for finding birds are around Edenhope, Casterton, Naracoorte, Frances, Nelson (Lower Glenelg National Park) and Lucindale. They are highly nomadic, moving throughout their range in response to food availability. ![]() Red-tails rely on stringybark, buloke and gum woodland habitats and scattered trees throughout the range for feeding and nesting. Their total range covers an area 18,000km 2 from Nelson to Little Desert National Park in South West Victoria and from Keith to Mount Gambier in the South East of South Australia (see range map below). The south-eastern Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo only occurs in the south-east of South Australia and south-west Victoria. Range of the South-eastern Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo Juveniles are difficult to distinguish from adult females from the age of 1 to 3 years. Females have an off-white bill which one volunteer suggests looks like the birds are carrying golf balls! Males have a grey bill. Their tail barring can be almost all pale yellow or pale yellow grading to pale orange-yellow at the tip. Viewed from below, their body is barred in pale orange-yellow. They have duller brown-black plumage but the feathers of their head, neck and parts of their wing are speckled with yellow. Females are quite different but equally spectacular – they are one of the most brightly marked subspecies of Red-Tail. Male Red-tails have glossy black plumage with stunning, bright red tail panels.
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